It's a little complex and I don't master this topic.
ABAP 2022 is possible 7.57 so it can be ABAP Cloud or not.
If you use "ABAP Cloud", you may use only the Released APIs. Basis APIs are listed under the ABAP documentation, and the rest of S/4HANA is available directly via Eclipse through a project tree if I'm not mistaken. See Sevdiye answer.
If you are not using "ABAP Cloud" ("classic ABAP"), you may call any class and any function module, SAP did not define very clearly what is released, what is not, see Dominik answer.
this blog here gives you a good overview on what the different C0-C3 release contracts mean (please check 2. What is the C0 release contract). It also describes how you can find released objects in ADT for the different release contracts (please check 4. How can you find C0 released APIs in ADT). Please apply this for the release contract you want to use. For specific objects (e.g. classes), in ADT, you can open the Properties tab and navigate to API State. This also gives you a direct information whether an object is released or not.
I don't think classes provide a concept similar to function modules release. However you can safely assume that if SAP intends a class to be used by customers, they provide documentation for the class.
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